MVASI SIDE EFFECTS
- Generic Name: bevacizumab-awwb solution for intravenous infusion
- Brand Name: Mvasi
- Drug Class: , Antineoplastics, VEGF Inhibitor
SIDE EFFECTS
The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling:
- Gastrointestinal Perforations and Fistulae.
- Surgery and Wound Healing Complications.
- Hemorrhage.
- Arterial Thromboembolic Events.
- Venous Thromboembolic Events.
- Hypertension.
- Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome.
- Renal Injury and Proteinuria.
- Infusion-Related Reactions.
- Ovarian Failure.
- Congestive Heart Failure.
Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical studies are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical studies of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical studies of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The safety data in Warnings and Precautions and described below reflect exposure to bevacizumab in 4134 patients including those with mCRC (AVF2107g, E3200), non-squamous NSCLC (E4599), GBM (EORTC 26101), mRCC (BO17705), and cervical cancer (GOG-0240), including controlled studies or other cancers, at the recommended dose and schedule for a median of 6 to 23 doses. The most common adverse reactions observed in patients receiving bevacizumab as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy at a rate > 10% were epistaxis, headache, hypertension, rhinitis, proteinuria, taste alteration, dry skin, rectal hemorrhage, lacrimation disorder, back pain and exfoliative dermatitis.
Across clinical studies, bevacizumab was discontinued in 8% to 22% of patients because of adverse reactions.
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In Combination with bolus-IFL
The safety of bevacizumab was evaluated in 392 patients who received at least one dose of bevacizumab in a double-blind, active-controlled study (AVF2107g), which compared bevacizumab (5 mg/kg every 2 weeks) with bolus-IFL to placebo with bolus-IFL in patients with mCRC. Patients were randomized (1:1:1) to placebo with bolus-IFL, bevacizumab with bolus-IFL, or bevacizumab with fluorouracil and leucovorin. The demographics of the safety population were similar to the demographics of the efficacy population. All Grades 3−4 adverse reactions and selected Grades 1−2 adverse reactions (i.e., hypertension, proteinuria, thromboembolic events) were collected in the entire study population. Adverse reactions are presented in Table 1.
Table 1: Grades 3-4 Adverse Reactions Occurring at Higher Incidence (≥ 2%) in Patients Receiving Bevacizumab vs. Placebo in Study AVF2107g
| Adverse Reactiona | Bevacizumab with IFL (N = 392) |
Placebo with IFL (N = 396) |
| Hematology | ||
| Leukopenia | 37% | 31% |
| Neutropenia | 21% | 14% |
| Gastrointestinal | ||
| Diarrhea | 34% | 25% |
| Abdominal pain | 8% | 5% |
| Constipation | 4% | 2% |
| Vascular | ||
| Hypertension | 12% | 2% |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 9% | 5% |
| Intra-abdominal Thrombosis | 3% | 1% |
| Syncope | 3% | 1% |
| General | ||
| Asthenia | 10% | 7% |
| Pain | 8% | 5% |
| a NCI-CTC version 3. | ||
In Combination with FOLFOX4
The safety of bevacizumab was evaluated in 521 patients in an open-label, active-controlled study (E3200) in patients who were previously treated with irinotecan and fluorouracil for initial therapy for mCRC. Patients were randomized (1:1:1) to FOLFOX4, bevacizumab (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks prior to FOLFOX4 on Day 1) with FOLFOX4, or bevacizumab alone (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks). Bevacizumab was continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The demographics of the safety population were similar to the demographics of the efficacy population.
Selected Grades 3−5 non-hematologic and Grades 4−5 hematologic occurring at a higher incidence (≥ 2%) in patients receiving bevacizumab with FOLFOX4 compared to FOLFOX4 alone were fatigue (19% vs. 13%), diarrhea (18% vs. 13%), sensory neuropathy (17% vs. 9%), nausea (12% vs. 5%), vomiting (11% vs. 4%), dehydration (10% vs. 5%), hypertension (9% vs. 2%), abdominal pain (8% vs. 5%), hemorrhage (5% vs. 1%), other neurological (5% vs. 3%), ileus (4% vs. 1%) and headache (3% vs. 0%). These data are likely to under-estimate the true adverse reaction rates due to the reporting mechanisms.
First-Line Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
The safety of bevacizumab was evaluated as first-line treatment in 422 patients with unresectable NSCLC who received at least one dose of bevacizumab in an active-controlled, open-label, multicenter trial (E4599). Chemotherapy-naïve patients with locally advanced, metastatic or recurrent non–squamous NSCLC were randomized (1:1) to receive six 21-day cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin with or without bevacizumab (15 mg/kg every 3 weeks). After completion or upon discontinuation of chemotherapy, patients randomized to receive bevacizumab continued to receive bevacizumab alone until disease progression or until unacceptable toxicity. The trial excluded patients with predominant squamous histology (mixed cell type tumors only), CNS metastasis, gross hemoptysis (1/2 teaspoon or more of red blood), unstable angina, or receiving therapeutic anticoagulation. The demographics of the safety population were similar to the demographics of the efficacy population.
Only Grades 3-5 non-hematologic and Grades 4-5 hematologic adverse reactions were collected. Grades 3-5 non-hematologic and Grades 4-5 hematologic adverse reactions occurring at a higher incidence (≥ 2%) in patients receiving bevacizumab with paclitaxel and carboplatin compared with patients receiving chemotherapy alone were neutropenia (27% vs. 17%), fatigue (16% vs. 13%), hypertension (8% vs. 0.7%), infection without neutropenia (7% vs. 3%), venous thromboembolism (5% vs. 3%), febrile neutropenia (5% vs. 2%), pneumonitis/pulmonary infiltrates (5% vs. 3%), infection with Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (4% vs. 2%), hyponatremia (4% vs. 1%), headache (3% vs. 1%) and proteinuria (3% vs. 0%).
Recurrent Glioblastoma
The safety of bevacizumab was evaluated in a multicenter, randomized, open-label study (EORTC 26101) in patients with recurrent GBM following radiotherapy and temozolomide of whom 278 patients received at least one dose of bevacizumab and are considered safety evaluable. Patients were randomized (2:1) to receive bevacizumab (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) with lomustine or lomustine alone until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The demographics of the safety population were similar to the demographics of the efficacy population. In the bevacizumab with lomustine arm, 22% of patients discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions compared with 10% of patients in the lomustine arm. In patients receiving bevacizumab with lomustine, the adverse reaction profile was similar to that observed in other approved indications.
Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
The safety of bevacizumab was evaluated in 337 patients who received at least one dose of bevacizumab in a multicenter, double-blind study (BO17705) in patients with mRCC. Patients who had undergone a nephrectomy were randomized (1:1) to receive either bevacizumab (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) or placebo with interferon-alfa. Patients were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The demographics of the safety population were similar to the demographics of the efficacy population.
Grades 3-5 adverse reactions occurring at a higher incidence (> 2%) were fatigue (13% vs. 8%), asthenia (10% vs. 7%), proteinuria (7% vs. 0%), hypertension (6% vs. 1%; including hypertension and hypertensive crisis), and hemorrhage (3% vs. 0.3%; including epistaxis, small intestinal hemorrhage, aneurysm ruptured, gastric ulcer hemorrhage, gingival bleeding, hemoptysis, hemorrhage intracranial, large intestinal hemorrhage, respiratory tract hemorrhage, and traumatic hematoma). Adverse reactions are presented in Table 2.
Table 2: Grades 1-5 Adverse Reactions Occurring at Higher Incidence (≥ 5%) of Patients Receiving Bevacizumab vs. Placebo with Interferon-Alfa in Study BO17705
| Adverse Reactiona | Bevacizumab with Interferon-Alfa (N = 337) |
Placebo with Interferon-Alfa (N = 304) |
| Metabolism and nutrition | ||
| Decreased appetite | 36% | 31% |
| Weight loss | 20% | 15% |
| General | ||
| Fatigue | 33% | 27% |
| Vascular | ||
| Hypertension | 28% | 9% |
| Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal | ||
| Epistaxis | 27% | 4% |
| Dysphonia | 5% | 0% |
| Nervous system | ||
| Headache | 24% | 16% |
| Gastrointestinal | ||
| Diarrhea | 21% | 16% |
| Renal and urinary | ||
| Proteinuria | 20% | 3% |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue | ||
| Myalgia | 19% | 14% |
| Back pain | 12% | 6% |
| a NCI-CTC version 3. | ||
The following adverse reactions were reported at a 5-fold greater incidence in patients receiving bevacizumab with interferon-alfa compared to patients receiving placebo with interferon-alfa and not represented in Table 2: gingival bleeding (13 patients vs. 1 patient); rhinitis (9 vs. 0); blurred vision (8 vs. 0); gingivitis (8 vs. 1); gastroesophageal reflux disease (8 vs. 1); tinnitus (7 vs. 1); tooth abscess (7 vs. 0); mouth ulceration (6 vs. 0); acne (5 vs. 0); deafness (5 vs. 0); gastritis (5 vs. 0); gingival pain (5 vs. 0) and pulmonary embolism (5 vs. 1).
Persistent, Recurrent, Or Metastatic Cervical Cancer
The safety of bevacizumab was evaluated in 218 patients who received at least one dose of bevacizumab in a multicenter study (GOG-0240) in patients with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer. Patients were randomized (1:1:1:1) to receive paclitaxel and cisplatin with or without bevacizumab (15 mg/kg every 3 weeks), or paclitaxel and topotecan with or without bevacizumab (15 mg/kg every 3 weeks). The demographics of the safety population were similar to the demographics of the efficacy population.
Grades 3−4 adverse reactions occurring at a higher incidence (≥ 2%) in 218 patients receiving bevacizumab with chemotherapy compared to 222 patients receiving chemotherapy alone were abdominal pain (12% vs. 10%), hypertension (11% vs. 0.5%), thrombosis (8% vs. 3%), diarrhea (6% vs. 3%), anal fistula (4% vs. 0%), proctalgia (3% vs. 0%), urinary tract infection (8% vs. 6%), cellulitis (3% vs. 0.5%), fatigue (14% vs. 10%), hypokalemia (7% vs. 4%), hyponatremia (4% vs. 1%), dehydration (4% vs. 0.5%), neutropenia (8% vs. 4%), lymphopenia (6% vs. 3%), back pain (6% vs. 3%), and pelvic pain (6% vs. 1%). Adverse reactions are presented in Table 3.
Table 3: Grades 1-4 Adverse Reactions Occurring at Higher Incidence (≥ 5%) in Patients Receiving Bevacizumab with Chemotherapy vs. Chemotherapy Alone in Study GOG-0240
| Adverse Reactiona | Bevacizumab with Chemotherapy (N = 218) |
Chemotherapy (N = 222) |
| General | ||
| Fatigue | 80% | 75% |
| Peripheral edema | 15% | 22% |
| Metabolism and nutrition | ||
| Decreased appetite | 34% | 26% |
| Hyperglycemia | 26% | 19% |
| Hypomagnesemia | 24% | 15% |
| Weight loss | 21% | 7% |
| Hyponatremia | 19% | 10% |
| Hypoalbuminemia | 16% | 11% |
| Vascular | ||
| Hypertension | 29% | 6% |
| Thrombosis | 10% | 3% |
| Infections | ||
| Urinary tract infection | 22% | 14% |
| Infection | 10% | 5% |
| Nervous system | ||
| Headache | 22% | 13% |
| Dysarthria | 8% | 1% |
| Psychiatric | ||
| Anxiety | 17% | 10% |
| Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal | ||
| Epistaxis | 17% | 1% |
| Renal and urinary | ||
| Increased blood creatinine | 16% | 10% |
| Proteinuria | 10% | 3% |
| Gastrointestinal | ||
| Stomatitis | 15% | 10% |
| Proctalgia | 6% | 1% |
| Anal fistula | 6% | 0.0% |
| Reproductive system and breast | ||
| Pelvic pain | 14% | 8% |
| Hematology | ||
| Neutropenia | 12% | 6% |
| Lymphopenia | 12% | 5% |
| a NCI-CTC version 3. | ||
Immunogenicity
As with all therapeutic proteins, there is a potential for immunogenicity. The detection of antibody formation is highly dependent on the sensitivity and the specificity of the assay. Additionally, the observed incidence of antibody (including neutralizing antibody) positivity in an assay may be influenced by several factors, including assay methodology, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications, and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies to bevacizumab in the studies described below with the incidence of antibodies in other studies or to other bevacizumab products may be misleading.
In clinical studies for adjuvant treatment of a solid tumor, 0.6% (14/2233) of patients tested positive for treatment-emergent anti-bevacizumab antibodies as detected by an electrochemiluminescent (ECL) based assay. Among these 14 patients, three tested positive for neutralizing antibodies against bevacizumab using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The clinical significance of these anti-bevacizumab antibodies is not known.
Postmarketing Experience
The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of bevacizumab products. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
General: Polyserositis
Cardiovascular: Pulmonary hypertension, Mesenteric venous occlusion
Gastrointestinal: Gastrointestinal ulcer, Intestinal necrosis, Anastomotic ulceration
Hemic and lymphatic: Pancytopenia
Hepatobiliary disorders: Gallbladder perforation
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders: Osteonecrosis of the jaw
Renal: Renal thrombotic microangiopathy (manifested as severe proteinuria)
Respiratory: Nasal septum perforation
SRC: NLM .